Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease where granulomas form in different organs. This results to organ inflammation. The condition might be triggered by the immune system as a response to foreign substances such as bacteria, viruses or chemicals.
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Areas that are typically affected include:
- Lungs
- Lymph nodes
- Brain
- Heart
- Spleen
- Liver
- Eyes
- Skin
What are the indications?
Some individuals with sarcoidosis do not have any symptoms. Nevertheless, the general symptoms that might arise include:
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Joint pain
- Weight loss
- Dry mouth
The condition might be triggered by the immune system as a response to foreign substances such as bacteria, viruses or chemicals. - Abdominal swelling
- Nosebleeds
The symptoms tend to vary depending on the body part affected. Sarcoidosis can also arise in any organ but typically affects the lungs.
Lung symptoms
- Wheezing
- Dry cough
- Shortness of breath
- Chest pain
Skin symptoms
- Hair loss
- Skin rashes
- Skin sores
- Raised or elevated scars
Nervous system symptoms
- Hearing loss
- Seizures
- Headaches
Eye symptoms
- Itchy eyes
- Dry eyes
- Vision loss
- Eye pain
- Drainage from the eyes
- Burning sensation in the eyes
Management
Even today, there is no cure for sarcoidosis. Nevertheless, the symptoms often settle without treatment. The doctor might prescribe medications if the inflammation is severe such as anti-rejection medications or corticosteroids which both reduce the inflammation.
Treatment is required if the disease affects the lungs, eyes, heart and nervous system. The length of treatment also varies. Some might be required to take medications for 1-2 years. Others might require medications for a longer period.
The outlook for an individual with sarcoidosis is usually good. Many can live healthy and active lives. The symptoms often settle with or without treatment in around 2 years.